.
In C#, arithmetic operators are defined for all the numeric types except 16-bit and 8-bit integral types. They are as follows,
+ Addition- Subtraction* Multiplication/ Division% Percentage Division
These operators are used for Arithmetic operations such as Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division.
Example:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Man
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
int a = 10, b = 5;
Console.WriteLine(a + b); // 15 - Performs addition
Console.WriteLine(a - b); // 5 - Performs subtraction
Console.WriteLine(a * b); // 50 - Performs multiplication
Console.WriteLine(a / b); // 2 - Performs division
Console.WriteLine(a % b); // 0 - Shows reminder after division
}
}
}In the above code, we have performed all the arithmetic operations between
a and
b.
Note: Please read the comments in the code.
Output of the above code will be,
Increment and Decrement Operators
Increment operator increments the numeric value by 1. It is denoted as '++'.
Similarly, decrement operator decrements the numeric value by 1. It is denoted as '--'.
Example:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Man
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
int a = 0, b = 0;
Console.WriteLine(a++); // Output 0 and a becomes 1
Console.WriteLine(++b); // Output 1
Console.WriteLine(a++); // Output is 1 and a becomes 2
Console.WriteLine(++b); // Output is 2 as it executes serially and incriments b
Console.WriteLine(a--); // Output is 2 and a becomes 1
Console.WriteLine(--b); // Output is 1 as decrements serially
Console.WriteLine(a--); // Output is 1 and a becomes 0
Console.WriteLine(--b); // Output is 0 decremented from 1
}
}
}
In the above code, we have used increment and decrement operators several times to see their operation.
'a++' increments the value but prints the previous value where as, '++a' directly increments and prints the same.
Note: Please read the comments in the code.
Press Ctrl + F5 and see the output which is something like below,
Bitwise Operators
C# supports some bitwise operators as follows,
- '
~' - Complement - '
&' - And - '
|' - Or - '
^' - Exclusive Or - '
<<' - Shift left - '
>>' - Shift right
Below code clearly explains about bitwise operators for decimal values in C#,
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Man
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine(~5); // -6 : ~5(0101) means -6 (NOT a = - a - 1)
Console.WriteLine(5 & 10); // 0 : 5(0101) & 10(1010) = 0(0000)
Console.WriteLine(5 | 10); // 15 : 5(0101) | 10(1010) = 15(1111)
Console.WriteLine(5 ^ 10); // 15 : 5(0101) ^ 10(1010) = 15(1111)
Console.WriteLine(5 << 1); // 10 : 5(0101) << 1 digit gives 10(1010)
Console.WriteLine(5 >> 1); // 16 : 5(0101) >> 1 digit gives 2(0010)
}
}
}Note: Please read the comments in the code.
Output of the above code will be,
Lets take an example code below for bitwise operations for Hexadecimal inputs,
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Man
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine(~0xfU); // 4294967280 : which is 0xfffffff0 in Hexadecimal
Console.WriteLine(0xf0 & 0x33); // 48 : which is 0x30 in Hexadecimal
Console.WriteLine(0xf0 | 0x33); // 243 : which is 0xf3 in Hexadecimal
Console.WriteLine(0xff00 ^ 0x0ff0); // 61680 : which is 0xf0f0 in Hexadecimal
Console.WriteLine(0x20 << 2); // 128 : which is 0x80 in Hexadecimal
Console.WriteLine(0x20 >> 1); // 16 : which is 0x10 in Hexadecimal
}
}
}In the above code, we have performed all the bitwise operators in C# for hexadecimal inputs.
Note: Please read the comments in the code.
But the result comes in decimal form as follows,
Equality and Comparison Operators
Equality and comparison are almost same but the ways are different. Let's see the difference through below examples.
Equality operator:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Man
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
int a = 10,
b = 5,
c = 8,
d = 10;
Console.WriteLine(a == b); // False : a and b are not same values
Console.WriteLine(b == c); // False : b and c are not same values
Console.WriteLine(c == d); // False : c and d are not same values
Console.WriteLine(a == d); // True : a and d are same values
}
}
}
In the above code we are checking the equality between the integers we mentioned. 'a' and 'd' are equal values and so it will print 'true' only for that condition.
Note: Please read the comments in the code.
Output of the above code will be,
Comparison Operator:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Man
{
class Program
{
public class Student
{
public string Name;
public Student(string n)
{
Name = n;
}
}
static void Main()
{
Student s1 = new Student("Krishna");
Student s2 = new Student("Krishna");
Student s3 = s2;
Console.WriteLine(s1 == s2); // False : Comparision operator works for all numeric types...
Console.WriteLine(s2 == s3); // True : Since both are same
Console.WriteLine(s1 != s2); // True : Because both are not equal dynamically
}
}
}In the above code, we have seen comparing strings directly which has given '
False'. Let's see output values of the above code below,
Equality and Comparison operators such as ==, !=, <, >, <= and >= works for all the numeric types but should be careful with real numbers as we get rounding errors in real numbers.
Conclusion
In this article, we have seen different operators used in C# with examples. Hope you understand them.
Thanks for reading.
Krishna.