Answer:
They are basically select statements in the from clause referred to by an
alias name.The alias name creates a table in the result set that can then be
referred to by some other Select statement
example:
2 tables emp and emp1 have got salary column. To calculate the maximun
salary from the salary columns of 2 tables
select max(salary) from (select salary from emp union select salary from emp1) a
a: is the derived table that will provide the input to the outer query
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